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1 Biological Classification

The members of phaeophyceae or brown algae are found primarily in :

1) brackish water
2) marine habitats
3) Fresh water
4) all of the above

Option 1

Option 2 Solution:

Solution

The members of phaeophyceae or brown algae are found primarily in marine habitats.

Option 3

Option 4

2 Thermodynamics

Gibbs free energy G is defined as :

1) G = H - TS
2) G = H + TS
3) G = E + TS
4) G = E - TS

Option 1 Solution:

The Gibbs free energy of a system at any moment in time is defined as the enthalpy of the system minus the product of the temperature times the entropy of the system.

G = H - TS

The Gibbs free energy of the system is a state function because it is defined in terms of thermodynamic properties that are state functions. The change in the Gibbs free energy of the system that occurs during a reaction is therefore equal to the change in the enthalpy of the system minus the change in the product of the temperature times the entropy of the system.

ΔG = ΔH - Δ(TS)

If the reaction is run at constant temperature, this equation can be written as follows.

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

The change in the free energy of a system that occurs during a reaction can be measured under any set of conditions. If the data are collected under standard-state conditions, the result is the standard-state free energy of reaction (ΔG^o).

ΔGo = ΔHo - TΔSo

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

3 Laws of Motion

A particle moves in the xy-plane under the action of a force F such that the components of its linear momentum p at any time t are p_x=2cos t, p_y=2sin t. The angle between F and p at time t is
1) 90^o 2) 0^o 3) 180^o 4) 30^o

Option 1 Solution:

SOLUTION:

Given that p^-> =pxi^+pyj^ = 2cost i^+2sint j^

Now, F^-> .p^-> = 0 i.e. angle between F^-> and p^-> is 90°

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

4 Electromagnetic Waves

The pressure exerted by an electromagnetic wave of intensity I(watt/m²) on a non-reflecting surface is : [c is the velocity of light]

1) I c
2) Ic²
3) I/c
4) I/c²

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3 Solution:

Solution

Momentum of a photon
$$\displaystyle =\frac { h }{ \lambda } =\frac { h }{ { c }/{ v } } =\frac { hv }{ c } =\frac { E }{ c } $$
Momentum over unit area
$$\displaystyle =\frac { E }{ Ac } =\frac { I }{ c } \left[ I=\frac { E }{ A } for\quad wave \right] $$
Since surface is non reflecting, final momentum of photon = 0, change in momentum $$\displaystyle =\frac { I }{ c } $$
So, force per unit area $$\displaystyle =\frac { I }{ c } $$
Pressure of radiation $$\displaystyle =\frac { I }{ c } $$

Option 4

The usual sites of auxin formation in higher plants are
1) meristems
2) enlarging tissues
3) young leaves
4) all the three

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4 Solution:

The unwinding of DNA duplex is performed by an enzyme called :

(1) Lygase
(2) Maltase
(3) Gyrase
(4) Lactase

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3 Solution:

Option 4

7 S � Block Elements

The metal oxides of alkaline earth metal can be formed by heating corresponding carbonates except:

1) BeO
2) MgO
3) CaO
4) none

Option 1 Solution:

Solution

The metal oxides of alkaline earth metal can be formed by heating corresponding carbonates except BeOBeO due to small size of beryllium ion.BeO is covalent and has polymeric nature.

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

8 D and F Block Elements

The highest magnetic moment is shown by the transition metal with the configuration:

1) 3d²
2) 3d⁶
3) 3d⁷
4) 3d⁹

Option 1

Option 2 Solution:

Solution

The transition metal with most unpaired electrons shows the highest magnetic moment.

3d⁶ -> 4 unpaired electrons

3d²->2 unpaired electrons

3d⁷ -> 3 unpaired electrons

3d⁹-> 1 unpaired electrons

Option 3

Option 4

The atmospheric humidity is measured by

(1) Hygrometer
(2) Auxanometer
(3) Potometer
(4) Photometer

Option 1 Solution:

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

10 P � Block Elements

Which atom contains exactly 15 protons?

1. P-32
2. S-32
3. O-15
4. N-15

Option 1 Solution:

An atom with 15 protons also has an atomic number of 15. Refer to the Periodic Table for element 15 (phosphorus).

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

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